Latex allergy

Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre


	Latex
	What is latex? Latex is the sap from the rubber tree, Hevea Brasiliensis. Latex, or natural rubber latex (NRL), is found in lots of everyday things, especially balloons, condoms, medical gloves and equipment. Synthetic latex is different, such as in latex house paint, and does not cause allergy..
	What is latex allergy It is the proteins in natural rubber latex that cause the allergy referred to as "latex allergy". Reactions include a rash soon after contacting latex, that can be itchy, red and uncomfortable, usually affecting the hands (with latex gloves), but it can involve any part of the body. Latex can also cause itchy, red, irritated eyes, a runny nose, sneezing and even trigger an asthma attack. Latex that contacts "mucosal membranes" that line internal surfaces like the mouth (from blowing up balloons or gloves worn by the dentist), or the vagina (from condoms) can cause burning, stinging, itch and swelling. Fortunately very few people have a severe reaction, which is called anaphylaxis, and causes collapse and even death.
	Who gets latex allergy and why? Most people affected by this condition are health care workers: nurses, doctors, dentists who use latex gloves a lot. Atopic people (those who have a tendency to eczema, asthma, hayfever and allergies) are more prone to become allergic, also those people that need many operations, such as spina bifida patients. They are all at risk as they come into contact with latex frequently. Most exposure to latex is through latex gloves. The only time that latex gloves need to be used is when there is potential exposure to bodily fluids. If not, then latex gloves do not need to be used. Hairdressers, food handlers, cleaners should NOT use latex gloves. For those who are not allergic to latex and have to use latex gloves, the gloves should be POWDER-FREE. Powder acts as a carrier of the proteins to which people become allergic, and can cause latex to be released into the air. If the skin is damaged, the natural skin barrier is compromised, therefore there is a potential for allergy to develop.
	What if I have, or think I have latex allergy? Early diagnosis is very important, as the more you come in contact with latex, the more severe the allergic reactions will become. So if you think you may be allergic, see your doctor. Unfortunately there is no cure, so it is up to you to avoid latex at work, home and elsewhere. Following is a list of common latex-containing products and some alternatives, but remember, it is not possible to list everything, and manufacturers change the contents of their products frequently, so check with them if you're not sure. Finally, people with latex allergy need to wear a medical alert bracelet, as all health care facilities use latex products, and you may not be able to tell them that you are allergic to latex.
	Further information: ALERT(Allergy to Latex Education and Resource Team) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (USA) ACAAI

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